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Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger
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Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger
Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger. Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimens Medicinal Plants, London, 1880
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Media ID 23153602
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Apothecary Bentley Blair Hanhart Henbane Herb Herbal Hyoscyamus Medicinal Niger Nightshade Stinking Trimen
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Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger, is depicted in this stunning handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart, based on a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen's "Medicinal Plants" published in London in 1880. The intricately detailed image showcases the unique features of this nightshade plant, which is also known as stinking nightshade or black henbane due to its pungent odor and dark color. Henbane is a herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family, which also includes tomatoes, potatoes, and bell peppers. Its bell-shaped, pale pink or white flowers bloom in summer, while its oval, serrated leaves are covered in small, white hairs. The plant's most notable feature, however, is its potent alkaloids, including hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which have been used in herbal medicine for centuries. Henbane was traditionally used as a sedative, antispasmodic, and anticholinergic agent. It was also used to induce labor, treat gastrointestinal disorders, and alleviate pain. However, its use was often associated with dangerous side effects, including hallucinations, delirium, and even death. The plant's toxicity is due to its alkaloids, which can cause severe poisoning if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Symptoms of henbane poisoning include dry mouth, blurred vision, dilated pupils, confusion, hallucinations, and seizures. Despite its potential dangers, henbane continues to be of interest to researchers due to its medicinal properties. Its alkaloids are used in modern medicine to treat various conditions, including Parkinson's disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and motion sickness. However, they are only administered under strict medical supervision due to their toxicity.
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